How Infertility is Diagnosed at a Fertility Clinic in Cambridge

If you're struggling to conceive, seeking help from a Fertility Clinic Cambridge is a crucial step toward understanding and overcoming fertility challenges. Infertility affects 1 in 6 couples, and for many people, the journey to parenthood begins with a diagnosis. Fertility specialists use a combination of advanced tests, personalized consultations, and medical evaluations to determine the root causes of infertility. Identifying the issue is the first step toward creating a treatment plan to help you achieve your dream of parenthood.

Here's a comprehensive guide on how infertility is diagnosed at a fertility clinic. It covers each stage, from the initial consultation to advanced testing procedures.

Initial Consultation with a Fertility Specialist

The process begins with an in-depth consultation, during which a fertility specialist gathers essential information about both partners' reproductive health. This session allows the clinic to understand your medical history, lifestyle, and any potential factors contributing to infertility.

During this consultation, the specialist will review your medical history and ask questions about past health issues, previous surgeries, and any medications you're currently taking. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcohol use, exercise, and diet, will also be discussed. The goal is identifying potential risk factors and planning the necessary diagnostic tests.

The consultation also covers your reproductive history, including previous pregnancies, miscarriages, or any previous fertility treatments. If issues are identified at this stage, the specialist will create a personalized testing plan for you and your partner.

Fertility Testing for Women

Various factors, including ovarian health, fallopian tube function, and the uterus condition, can influence female fertility. At a Fertility Clinic in Cambridge, women undergo several tests to determine the specific cause of infertility.

Ovulation Testing

Ovulation testing is done to determine if the woman is ovulating regularly. Blood tests measure hormone levels, such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone, which are essential for ovulation. If ovulation issues are detected, treatment options like ovulation induction may be recommended.

Hormone Testing

Hormone levels play a significant role in fertility. Blood tests check for the following key hormones:

• FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) – Measures ovarian reserve (the number of eggs remaining).
• LH (Luteinizing Hormone) – Regulates ovulation.
• AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) – Measures ovarian reserve and helps predict how well the ovaries function.
• Estradiol (E2) – Evaluates ovarian function.
• Prolactin – High levels of prolactin can disrupt ovulation.

Hormonal imbalances can result in conditions like PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), which can affect ovulation and fertility.

Ultrasound Scan

A transvaginal ultrasound checks the ovaries, uterus, and endometrial lining. This scan can identify the following:

• Polycystic ovaries – A sign of PCOS that affects egg production.
• Uterine abnormalities – Fibroids, cysts, or polyps that may block the fallopian tubes or prevent embryo implantation.
• Ovarian follicles – These are tracked to determine if ovulation is occurring correctly.

The ultrasound also helps visualize the endometrial lining, which must be the right thickness for embryo implantation.

Hysterosalpingography (HSG)

This X-ray procedure checks whether the fallopian tubes are open. Dye is injected into the uterus and fallopian tubes, and X-rays track how it flows. If blockages are detected, they may explain why natural conception hasn't occurred. If needed, surgical options may be discussed to address blockages.

Sonohysterography

A sonohysterography (also called a saline ultrasound) uses sterile saline to expand the uterus for more precise imaging. This test is used to detect issues such as:

• Fibroids – Non-cancerous growths in the uterus.
• Polyps – Small growths in the uterine lining.
• Scarring – Uterine scarring from surgery or infections that may affect embryo implantation.

The sonohysterography helps visualize the uterus in greater detail than a traditional ultrasound.

Genetic Testing

If other tests do not reveal the cause of infertility, genetic testing may be recommended. Genetic testing looks for inherited genetic disorders that may be causing infertility. If a genetic issue is identified, the couple may consider PGT (Preimplantation Genetic Testing) during IVF to ensure that only healthy embryos are implanted.

Fertility Testing for Men

Male infertility accounts for about 40% of infertility cases, which is why it's essential to test both partners. The goal is to assess sperm health and identify any medical issues affecting male fertility.

Semen Analysis

The semen analysis is one of the most critical tests for diagnosing male infertility. It measures:

• Sperm count – The number of sperm in the semen.
• Sperm motility – How well sperm moves to reach the egg.
• Sperm morphology – The shape of sperm, as abnormalities can prevent fertilization.

A semen sample is collected and analyzed in a lab. If any issues are detected, treatments like ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) may increase the chances of fertilization.

Hormone Testing

Hormonal imbalances can impair sperm production. Blood tests measure levels of:

• Testosterone – The primary male hormone.
• FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) – Regulates sperm production.
• LH (Luteinizing Hormone) – Regulates testosterone production.

If abnormalities are detected, hormone therapy or medications may be recommended.

Genetic Testing

Genetic testing for men may reveal chromosomal abnormalities that affect sperm production. If genetic issues are found, ICSI or the use of donor sperm may be considered.

Scrotal Ultrasound

This ultrasound checks for varicoceles (enlarged veins in the scrotum), which can negatively affect sperm production. If a varicocele is found, surgical correction may improve fertility outcomes.

Joint Testing for Both Partners

In some cases, additional testing may be required for both partners. These tests include:

• Post-Coital Test – Checks how sperm behave after intercourse to see if the cervical mucus supports sperm movement.
• Antibody Testing – Checks for anti-sperm antibodies, which may attack sperm and prevent conception.

Diagnosis Review and Treatment Plan

Once all test results are available, you'll meet with a fertility specialist to review the findings. The results will determine what treatments are best for you. These treatments may include:

• Lifestyle Changes – Weight loss, stress management, or quitting smoking may be recommended.
• Medications – Hormonal imbalances can be corrected with medications.
• Surgery – Surgical correction of varicoceles or removal of fibroids may be needed.
• Fertility Treatments – If natural conception isn't possible, treatments like IUI (Intrauterine Insemination), IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), or ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) may be recommended.

How Long Does the Diagnosis Process Take?

Diagnosis can take 4-6 weeks, depending on the tests needed. Some tests, like hormone tracking, require multiple visits during different menstrual cycle stages. The goal is to provide a precise, accurate diagnosis that leads to an effective treatment plan.

Conclusion

At a Fertility Clinic in Cambridge, infertility diagnosis is a structured, step-by-step process designed to uncover the root cause of infertility for both partners. From the initial consultation to testing and diagnosis, fertility specialists leave no stone unturned in their efforts to create a personalized treatment plan. Tests like semen analysis, hormone testing, ultrasounds, and genetic testing provide a comprehensive overview of fertility health.

If you struggle to conceive, booking a consultation at a Fertility Clinic in Cambridge is the first step. With expert support, compassionate care, and cutting-edge technology, you'll be guided every step of your fertility journey.